/* === RESEARCH FOCUS SECTION === */
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Block Level Parent Container (.research-focus)
   ========================================================================== */
.research-focus {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #f1f5f9; /* Light slate ice-grey backdrop sampled from your image */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Block Internal Element Layout Boundaries
   ========================================================================== */
.research-focus__container {
  max-width: 900px; /* Constrains limits to optimize comfortable reading tracks */
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

.research-focus__heading {
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.5vw, 2.2rem); /* Dynamic fluid scaling rules */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a; /* Deep charcoal high-contrast heading color */
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.research-focus__subheading {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 420px; /* Aligns text wrap dimensions symmetrically with your card layer */
  text-align: left; /* Toggles left alignment for structural textual content matching design */
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #475569; /* Balanced slate gray secondary heading tint */
  margin: 0 0 16px 0;
}

.research-focus__list {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 420px; /* Pairs container paths exactly with the subheading element bounds */
  list-style: none; /* Strip browser default bullet formatting padding rules */
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  text-align: left;
}

.research-focus__item {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #64748b; /* Soft gray copy minimized reader visual stress */
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Custom crisp dark bullet dot markers layout targeting elements via BEM paths */
.research-focus__item::before {
  content: "•";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: #475569;
  font-weight: 700;
}
/* === END RESEARCH FOCUS SECTION === */

/* === FEATURED BOOK SECTION ===*/
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Block Level Parent Container Base Canvas (.featured-book)
   ========================================================================== */
.featured-book {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #ffffff; /* Clean white canvas backdrop */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.featured-book__container {
  max-width: 1000px; /* Limits reading lines to maintain centralized typography layout */
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Typography Header Hierarchy Elements
   ========================================================================== */
.featured-book__header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.featured-book__section-title {
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a; /* Deep charcoal black section identifier header */
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.featured-book__title {
  font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3.5vw, 2.1rem); /* Fluid scaling typography rules */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #990000; /* Rich crimson dark-red tone exactly matching original title */
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.featured-book__subtitle {
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2.5vw, 1.45rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1d4ed8; /* Precise royal blue sub-headline hue matching image text */
  margin: 0;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. Content Blocks Envelope Layout (Left-Aligned Paragraphs)
   ========================================================================== */
.featured-book__content {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 820px; /* Constrains column width to match image composition framework */
  text-align: left;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 28px;
  margin-bottom: 56px;
}

/* Metadata Grid Matrix Setup */
.featured-book__metadata {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 6px;
}

.featured-book__meta-row {
  display: flex;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.featured-book__meta-label {
  width: 100px; /* Locks label grid tracks smoothly parallel vertically */
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #475569; /* Subdued slate gray for data indicators */
}

.featured-book__meta-value {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #64748b;
}

/* BEM Modifier Rule to address publisher italic styling requirements */
.featured-book__meta-value--italic {
  font-style: italic;
}

/* Synopsis Text Handling */
.featured-book__synopsis {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
}

.featured-book__heading {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #64748b; /* Soft gray body copy diminishes reader visual fatigue */
  font-weight: 700;
}

.featured-book__paragraph {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #64748b; /* Soft gray body copy diminishes reader visual fatigue */
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   4. Action Row Button Components 
   ========================================================================== */
.featured-book__actions {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap; /* Safely wraps button items into rows on narrow viewports */
  gap: 20px;
  width: 100%;
}

.featured-book__btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: #0c2340; /* Solid royal navy color block exactly sampled from buttons */
  color: #ffffff; /* High contrast crisp white label text */
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 12px 28px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(12, 35, 64, 0.12);
  white-space: nowrap; /* Forces labels to sit on single lines without wrapping internally */
  transition:
    background-color 0.15s ease,
    transform 0.15s ease;
}

.featured-book__btn:hover {
  background-color: #16365c; /* Soft visual luminance shift on hover state updates */
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.featured-book__btn-arrow {
  margin-left: 10px;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 0.15s ease;
}

.featured-book__btn:hover .featured-book__btn-arrow {
  transform: translateX(
    4px
  ); /* Interactive visual micro displacement shift forward */
}
/* === END FEATURED BOOK SECTION ===*/

/* === ENVIRONMENTAL RESILIENCE SECTION ==== */
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Block Level Parent Container Base Canvas (.resilience-series)
   ========================================================================== */
.resilience-series {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #f0f4f8; /* Soft light-blue neutral background canvas */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  font-family:
    -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial,
    sans-serif;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.resilience-series__container {
  max-width: 1240px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Typography Main Header Hierarchy
   ========================================================================== */
.resilience-series__header {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 880px;
  margin-bottom: 56px;
}

.resilience-series__title {
  font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3.5vw, 2.1rem); /* Fluid scaling typography limits */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a; /* Deep charcoal near-black focus heading */
  margin: 0 0 28px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.resilience-series__description {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #64748b; /* Soft gray copy decreases reading strain */
  margin: 0 0 16px 0;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-align: left;
}

.resilience-series__description:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. 4-Column Cards Layout Grid Matrix
   ========================================================================== */
.resilience-series__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); /* 4 balanced parallel columns */
  gap: 20px;
  width: 90%;
  align-items: stretch; /* Forces all cards to match height across rows */
}

.resilience-series__card {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.02);
  transition:
    transform 0.2s ease,
    box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.resilience-series__card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
}

/* Card Top Header Block */
/* .resilience-series__card-header {
  background-color: #0c2340;
  color: #ffffff;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-align: center;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
} */

.resilience-series__card-header {
  background-color: #0c2340; /* Exact shade extracted from the reference image */
  text-align: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

.resilience-series__icon-img {
  width: 100px;
}

/* Card Body Area Contents */
.resilience-series__card-body {
  padding: 24px 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  flex-grow: 1; /* Pushes lower status lines cleanly to the baseline */
}

.resilience-series__card-title {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1d4ed8; /* Precise royal blue sub-headline color hook matching image */
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 0 0 18px 0;
  min-height: 2.7em; /* Synchronizes title layout lines alignment across row pairs */
}

.resilience-series__card-subtitle {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a;
  line-height: 1.45;
  margin: 0 0 18px 0;
  min-height: 4.3em; /* Aligns secondary headings symmetrically */
}

.resilience-series__card-text {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #475569;
  margin: 0 0 24px 0;
  font-weight: 400;
  flex-grow: 1; /* Absorbs residual space to keep status lines lined up */
}

/* Bottom Status Row */
.resilience-series__card-status {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-style: italic; /* Matches original graphic formatting specs */
  color: #475569;
  border-top: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
  padding-top: 12px;
  margin-top: auto;
}

/* === ENVIRONMENTAL RESILIENCE SECTION ==== */

/* === HIMALAYAN RESILIENCE RESEARCH SECTION === */

/* ==========================================================================
   1. Block Level Parent Container Base Canvas (.himalayan-research)
   ========================================================================== */
.himalayan-research {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #ffffff; /* Clean white canvas backdrop */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.himalayan-research__container {
  max-width: 1000px; /* Constrains the layout grid wrapper to center typography lines */
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Typography Header Hierarchy Elements
   ========================================================================== */
.himalayan-research__header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.himalayan-research__main-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 1.8rem); /* Smooth fluid scaling boundaries */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1e293b; /* Deep high-contrast gray/black heading */
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.himalayan-research__subtitle-blue {
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3.5vw, 2.1rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1d4ed8; /* Precise royal blue sub-headline hue matching the design */
  margin: 0 0 14px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.himalayan-research__subtitle-dark {
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2.2vw, 1.45rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a; /* Solid near-black tracking header */
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. Content Envelope Layout (Left-Aligned Paragraphs)
   ========================================================================== */
.himalayan-research__body {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 820px; /* Aligns maximum line envelope to mirror image structure perfectly */
  text-align: left;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 20px; /* Uniform vertical margin gaps between blocks */
}

.himalayan-research__paragraph {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #64748b; /* Soft slate gray copy diminishes reader eye fatigue */
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Label Info Row */
.himalayan-research__label-row {
  margin: 4px 0 0 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.himalayan-research__label-tag {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #475569;
}

.himalayan-research__label-value {
  font-style: italic; /* Follows exact publication label placeholder styling rules */
  color: #64748b;
  margin-left: 4px;
}

/* Bottom System Disclaimer Warning */
.himalayan-research__footer-note {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  line-height: 1;
  color: #94a3b8; /* Faded light gray fallback text matches design */
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* === END HIMALAYAN RESILIENCE RESEARCH SECTION === */

/* === PATENT-LINKED RESEARCH === */
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Block Level Parent Container Base Canvas (.patent-research)
   ========================================================================== */
.patent-research {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #f0f4f8; /* Soft light ice-blue background matching the design */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.patent-research__container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center; /* Enforces absolute universal layout centering */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px; /* Even vertical rhythm spacing between major blocks */
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Typography Layout Hierarchy Weights
   ========================================================================== */
.patent-research__main-heading {
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2rem); /* Dynamic fluid scaling boundaries */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a; /* Deep charcoal near-black focus heading */
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.patent-research__block {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 820px; /* Constrains line envelopes to optimize reading tracking metrics */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px; /* Spacing between subheading and consecutive paragraphs */
}

.patent-research__sub-heading {
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2.5vw, 1.4rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1d4ed8; /* Precise royal blue sub-headline color hook matching image */
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.patent-research__paragraph {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #475569; /* Soft charcoal neutral body font minimizes eye fatigue */
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Modifier Rule to address the lower faded description text requirement */
.patent-research__paragraph--muted {
  color: #94a3b8; /* Faded light gray fallback text matches design image */
}
/* === END PATENT-LINKED RESEARCH === */

/* === PUBLICATION LIBRARY === */
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Parent Block Container Environment (.pub-library)
   ========================================================================== */
.pub-library {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #12335c; /* Exactly sampled deep navy brand background color fill */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.pub-library__container {
  max-width: 1140px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

/* Primary Section Title Heading */
.pub-library__heading {
  font-size: clamp(
    1.6rem,
    3.5vw,
    2rem
  ); /* Handles fluid responsive scaling rules */
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  text-align: center;
  color: #ffffff;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Two-Column System & White Vertical Separator Line Art
   ========================================================================== */
.pub-library__row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: stretch; /* Forces both columns to match height identically */

  /* Constrains boundaries to mirror image layout alignment proportions */
}

.pub-library__column {
  position: relative;
  flex: 1;
  padding: 10px 48px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* ─── WHITE VERTICAL SEPARATOR LINE ─── */
/* Natively pins an exact thin white track layout divider right on the edge of the first column cell */
.pub-library__column:first-child::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  right: 0;
  width: 0px; /* Balanced thin vector graphic line profile */
  background-color: rgba(
    255,
    255,
    255,
    0.35
  ); /* Translucent soft white tone matching original image */
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. Individual Column Detail Elements Typography
   ========================================================================== */
.pub-library__column-title {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: #ffffff;
}

.pub-library__list {
  list-style: none; /* Strips standard native browser indentation padding rules */
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.pub-library__item {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #e2e8f0; /* Soft silver gray copy layout matches image density metrics */
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Custom white bullet dot markers layout targeting elements via BEM paths */
.pub-library__item::before {
  content: "•";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: 600;
}
/* === END PUBLICATION LIBRARY === */

/* === CASED BASED RESEARCH === */
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Parent Block Container Environment (.case-research)
   ========================================================================== */
.case-research {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #f8fafc; /* Clean, soft light neutral canvas backdrop background */
  padding: 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.case-research__container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center; /* Enforces absolute universal page layout alignment centering */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Typography Layout Hierarchy Weights & Colors
   ========================================================================== */
.case-research__main-heading {
  font-size: clamp(
    1.5rem,
    3vw,
    2rem
  ); /* Handles fluid responsive scaling rules safely */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f172a; /* Deep charcoal near-black focus text color */
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.case-research__sub-heading {
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2.5vw, 1.5rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1d4ed8; /* Precise royal blue sub-headline hue matching image text */
  margin: 0 0 32px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. Custom Content Lists Envelope Configuration
   ========================================================================== */
.case-research__content-wrapper {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 440px; /* Constrains column envelope to track exactly like design graphic */
  text-align: left; /* Left-aligns textual lists contents inside centered layout wrapper */
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.case-research__lead-in {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #475569; /* Balanced slate gray secondary textual lead */
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
}

.case-research__bullet-list {
  list-style: none; /* Strips browser native indentation padding rules completely */
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.case-research__item {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #64748b; /* Soft gray copy minimizes reader visual fatigue */
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 3px;
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Custom dark bullet point markers layout targeting elements via BEM paths */
.case-research__item::before {
  content: "•";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: #475569;
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   4. Action CTA Button Component Layout 
   ========================================================================== */
.case-research__actions {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

.case-research__btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: #0c2340; /* Solid royal navy color block exactly sampled from button */
  color: #ffffff; /* High contrast crisp white label text */
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 12px 28px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(12, 35, 64, 0.12);
  white-space: nowrap; /* Forces labels to sit on single lines without wrapping internally */
  transition:
    background-color 0.15s ease,
    transform 0.15s ease;
}

.case-research__btn:hover {
  background-color: #16365c; /* Soft visual luminance shift on hover state updates */
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.case-research__btn-arrow {
  margin-left: 10px;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 0.15s ease;
}

.case-research__btn:hover .case-research__btn-arrow {
  transform: translateX(
    4px
  ); /* Interactive visual micro displacement shift forward */
}

/* === END CASED BASED RESEARCH === */

/* === RESEARCH CLOSING STATEMENT SECTION ===*/
/* ==========================================================================
   1. Parent Block Container Environment (.research-closing)
   ========================================================================== */
.research-closing {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #dfae37; /* Exactly sampled warm golden ochre brand background color */
  padding: 24px 24px;
}

.research-closing__container {
  max-width: 1140px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. Statement Typography Element 
   ========================================================================== */
.research-closing__statement {
  font-size: clamp(
    1.3rem,
    3.5vw,
    1.5rem
  ); /* Handles fluid responsive scaling rules safely */
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0b1a30; /* Solid high-contrast deep navy/black text tone from original image */
  line-height: 1.35;
  max-width: 960px; /* Constrains text width to mirror composition layout */
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. Horizontal CTA Buttons Flex Group
   ========================================================================== */
.research-closing__actions {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap; /* Gracefully breaks down to multiple rows on tablet sizes */
  gap: 20px;
  width: 100%;
}

.research-closing__btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: #0c2340; /* Royal navy solid fill color matching original buttons */
  color: #ffffff; /* Crisp white button text */
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 12px 28px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(12, 35, 64, 0.15);
  white-space: nowrap; /* Prevents text elements from breaking lines awkwardly inside button */
  transition:
    background-color 0.15s ease,
    transform 0.15s ease;
}

.research-closing__btn:hover {
  background-color: #16365c; /* Soft bright luminance shift on hover state updates */
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.research-closing__btn-arrow {
  margin-left: 10px;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 0.15s ease;
}

.research-closing__btn:hover .research-closing__btn-arrow {
  transform: translateX(4px); /* Pushes arrow head forward on user hover */
}

/* === END RESEARCH CLOSING STATEMENT SECTION ===*/

/* ==========================================================================
   3. Mobile Adaptation Media Breakpoints Tier (640px and below)
   ========================================================================== */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .research-focus {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space edge margins on small smartphones */
  }

  .research-focus__heading {
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .research-focus__subheading,
  .research-focus__list {
    max-width: 100%; /* Spans across full canvas container bounds safely on narrow frames */
  }
  .featured-book {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space edge margins on small smartphones */
  }

  .featured-book__header {
    margin-bottom: 32px;
  }

  .featured-book__content {
    margin-bottom: 44px;
    gap: 24px;
  }

  .featured-book__actions {
    flex-direction: column; /* Flips horizontal rows into vertical stacks safely on phone viewports */
    gap: 14px;
  }

  .featured-book__btn {
    width: 100%; /* Spans full layout containers safely on tight portrait mobile screens */
    max-width: 320px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }

  .resilience-series {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space buffers on compact phone viewports */
  }

  .resilience-series__header {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .resilience-series__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr; /* Stacks to a singular uniform layout stream on mobile screens */
    gap: 20px;
  }
  .himalayan-research {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space edge margins on smartphones */
  }

  .himalayan-research__header {
    margin-bottom: 32px;
  }

  .himalayan-research__body {
    gap: 16px;
  }
  .patent-research {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space edge margins on smartphones */
  }

  .patent-research__container {
    gap: 32px;
  }

  .patent-research__block {
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .patent-research__paragraph {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .pub-library {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space edge margins on small smartphones */
  }

  .pub-library__heading {
    margin-bottom: 36px;
  }

  .pub-library__row {
    flex-direction: column; /* Unrolls horizontal rows completely into linear vertical tracking stack paths */
    gap: 40px;
  }

  /* Completely hides the vertical wall lines entirely on small smartphone screens */
  .pub-library__column:first-child::after {
    display: none;
  }

  /* Substitutes a clean horizontal divider baseline under columns instead */
  .pub-library__column:not(:last-child) {
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    padding-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .pub-library__column {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .case-research {
    padding: 60px 16px; /* Minimizes white space edge margins on small smartphones */
  }

  .case-research__main-heading {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .case-research__sub-heading {
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .case-research__content-wrapper {
    max-width: 100%; /* Spans full container width safely on pocket devices */
    margin-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .case-research__btn {
    width: 100%; /* Scales button to equal a wide tap target across phone frames */
    max-width: 320px; /* Binds stretching bounds to look clean on portrait displays */
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }

  .research-closing__actions {
    flex-direction: column; /* Flips horizontally grouped rows to vertical stack lists */
    gap: 16px;
  }

  .research-closing__btn {
    width: 100%; /* Spans full horizontal container width safely on pocket devices */
    max-width: 340px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }

  .research-closing {
    padding: 60px 16px;
  }

  .research-closing__statement {
    margin-bottom: 36px;
  }
}